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Early, Late, PrEP, PEP |
Covid Analysis (Preprint) (meta analysis) |
meta-analysis |
Curcumin for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 19 studies |
Details
• Statistically significant improvements are seen for mortality, hospitalization, recovery, and viral clearance. 11 studies from 10 independent teams in 6 different countries show statistically significant improvements in isolation (7 for.. |
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Early, Late, PrEP, PEP
Early, Late, PrEP, PEP
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Curcumin for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 19 studies |
Covid Analysis (Preprint) (meta analysis) |
• Statistically significant improvements are seen for mortality, hospitalization, recovery, and viral clearance. 11 studies from 10 independent teams in 6 different countries show statistically significant improvements in isolation (7 for the most serious outcome).• Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 40% [31‑48%] improvement. Results are similar for Randomized Controlled Trials, similar after exclusions, and similar for peer-reviewed studies. • Results are robust — in exclusion sensitivity analysis 15 of 19 studies must be excluded to avoid finding statistically significant efficacy in pooled analysis.• Studies typically use advanced formulations for greatly improved bioavailability. • While many treatments have some level of efficacy, they do not replace vaccines and other measures to avoid infection. Only 26% of curcumin studies show zero events in the treatment arm. Multiple treatments are typically used in combination, and other treatments may be more effective.• No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is 100% available and effective for all variants. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used. Denying the efficacy of treatments increases mortality, morbidity, collateral damage, and endemic risk.• All data to reproduce this paper and sources are in the appendix. Other meta analyses for curcumin can be found in [Kow, Vahedian-Azimi], showing significant improvements for mortality, hospitalization, and symptoms.
Covid Analysis et al., 8/6/2022, preprint, 1 author.
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PrEPPEP |
Nimer et al., F1000Research, doi:10.12688/f1000research.121933.1 |
hosp., ↓30.8%, p=0.08 |
Effect of natural products use prior to infection with COVID-19 on disease severity and hospitalization: A self-reported cross-sectional survey study |
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Survey 2,148 COVID-19 recovered patients in Jordan, showing lower hospitalization with turmeric prophylaxis, not reaching statistical significance. |
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Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
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Effect of natural products use prior to infection with COVID-19 on disease severity and hospitalization: A self-reported cross-sectional survey study |
Nimer et al., F1000Research, doi:10.12688/f1000research.121933.1 |
Survey 2,148 COVID-19 recovered patients in Jordan, showing lower hospitalization with turmeric prophylaxis, not reaching statistical significance.
risk of hospitalization, 30.8% lower, RR 0.69, p = 0.08, treatment 29 of 329 (8.8%), control 179 of 1,819 (9.8%), adjusted, OR converted to RR, multivariable.
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risk of severe case, 12.6% lower, RR 0.87, p = 0.47, treatment 40 of 329 (12.2%), control 211 of 1,819 (11.6%), adjusted, OR converted to RR, multivariable.
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Nimer et al., 6/10/2022, retrospective, Jordan, peer-reviewed, survey, mean age 40.2, 4 authors, study period March 2021 - July 2021.
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Early |
Askari et al., Trials, doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06375-w |
no recov., ↑125.0%, p=0.58 |
The efficacy of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on clinical symptoms, duration, severity, and inflammatory factors in COVID-19 outpatients: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial |
Details
Small RCT 46 outpatients in Iran, 23 treated with curcimin-piperine, showing no significant differences in recovery. 1000mg curcumin and 10mg piperine/day for 14 days. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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The efficacy of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on clinical symptoms, duration, severity, and inflammatory factors in COVID-19 outpatients: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial |
Askari et al., Trials, doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06375-w |
Small RCT 46 outpatients in Iran, 23 treated with curcimin-piperine, showing no significant differences in recovery. 1000mg curcumin and 10mg piperine/day for 14 days.
risk of no recovery, 125.0% higher, RR 2.25, p = 0.58, treatment 3 of 8 (37.5%), control 1 of 6 (16.7%), dyspnea.
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risk of no recovery, 433.3% higher, RR 5.33, p = 0.19, treatment 2 of 6 (33.3%), control 0 of 7 (0.0%), continuity correction due to zero event, ague.
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risk of no recovery, 72.9% lower, RR 0.27, p = 0.04, treatment 2 of 12 (16.7%), control 8 of 13 (61.5%), NNT 2.2, weakness.
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risk of no recovery, 40.0% lower, RR 0.60, p = 0.42, treatment 3 of 10 (30.0%), control 7 of 14 (50.0%), NNT 5.0, muscular pain.
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risk of no recovery, 38.5% lower, RR 0.62, p = 0.65, treatment 4 of 13 (30.8%), control 4 of 8 (50.0%), NNT 5.2, headache.
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risk of no recovery, 71.4% higher, RR 1.71, p = 1.00, treatment 2 of 7 (28.6%), control 1 of 6 (16.7%), sore throat.
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risk of no recovery, 12.5% lower, RR 0.88, p = 1.00, treatment 1 of 8 (12.5%), control 1 of 7 (14.3%), NNT 56, sputum cough.
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risk of no recovery, no change, RR 1.00, p = 1.00, treatment 3 of 13 (23.1%), control 3 of 13 (23.1%), dry cough.
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Askari et al., 6/6/2022, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Iran, peer-reviewed, 11 authors, study period November 2020 - April 2021, trial IRCT20121216011763N46.
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Late |
Hellou et al., Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1111/jcmm.17337 |
NEWS2, ↓76.7%, p=0.04 |
Effect of ArtemiC in patients with COVID-19: A Phase II prospective study |
Details
RCT 50 hospitalized patients in Israel, 33 treated with curcumin, vitamin C, artemisinin, and frankincense oral spray, showing improved recovery with treatment. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Effect of ArtemiC in patients with COVID-19: A Phase II prospective study |
Hellou et al., Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1111/jcmm.17337 |
RCT 50 hospitalized patients in Israel, 33 treated with curcumin, vitamin C, artemisinin, and frankincense oral spray, showing improved recovery with treatment.
relative NEWS2 score, 76.7% better, RR 0.23, p = 0.04, treatment mean 0.52 (±0.67) n=33, control mean 2.23 (±3.2) n=17, day 15.
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risk of oxygen therapy, 92.2% lower, RR 0.08, p = 0.01, treatment 0 of 33 (0.0%), control 4 of 17 (23.5%), NNT 4.2, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, day 15.
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oxygen time, 69.7% lower, relative time 0.30, p = 0.17, treatment mean 2.3 (±1.4) n=33, control mean 7.6 (±4.6) n=17.
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hospitalization time, 13.3% lower, relative time 0.87, p = 0.92, treatment mean 7.8 (±7.3) n=33, control mean 9.0 (±8.0) n=17.
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risk of no viral clearance, 9.8% lower, RR 0.90, p = 0.77, treatment 14 of 33 (42.4%), control 8 of 17 (47.1%), NNT 22, day 15.
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Hellou et al., 5/19/2022, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Israel, peer-reviewed, 6 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with vitamin C, artemisinin, and frankincense) - results of individual treatments may vary, trial NCT04382040 (history).
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In Silico |
Nag et al., Computers in Biology and Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105552 |
In Silico |
Curcumin inhibits spike protein of new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) Omicron, an in silico study |
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In Silico study showing showing significant inhibitory potential of curcumin for omicron. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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Curcumin inhibits spike protein of new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) Omicron, an in silico study |
Nag et al., Computers in Biology and Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105552 |
In Silico study showing showing significant inhibitory potential of curcumin for omicron.
Nag et al., 5/1/2022, India, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Early |
Khan et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.898062 |
no recov., ↓33.3%, p=0.15 |
Oral Co-Supplementation of Curcumin, Quercetin, and Vitamin D3 as an Adjuvant Therapy for Mild to Moderate Symptoms of COVID-19—Results From a Pilot Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial |
Details
RCT 50 COVID+ outpatients in Pakistan, 25 treated with curcumin, quercetin, and vitamin D, showing significantly faster viral clearance, significantly improved CRP, and faster resolution of acute symptoms (p=0.154). 168mg curcumin, 260mg .. |
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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Oral Co-Supplementation of Curcumin, Quercetin, and Vitamin D3 as an Adjuvant Therapy for Mild to Moderate Symptoms of COVID-19—Results From a Pilot Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial |
Khan et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.898062 |
RCT 50 COVID+ outpatients in Pakistan, 25 treated with curcumin, quercetin, and vitamin D, showing significantly faster viral clearance, significantly improved CRP, and faster resolution of acute symptoms (p=0.154). 168mg curcumin, 260mg quercetin and 360IU cholecalciferol.
risk of no recovery, 33.3% lower, RR 0.67, p = 0.15, treatment 10 of 25 (40.0%), control 15 of 25 (60.0%), NNT 5.0.
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relative CRP reduction, 39.1% better, RR 0.61, p = 0.006, treatment 25, control 25.
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risk of no viral clearance, 50.0% lower, RR 0.50, p = 0.009, treatment 10 of 25 (40.0%), control 20 of 25 (80.0%), NNT 2.5.
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Khan et al., 5/1/2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, Pakistan, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, study period 2 September, 2021 - 28 November, 2021, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with quercetin and vitamin D) - results of individual treatments may vary, trial NCT05130671 (history).
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Meta |
Kow et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7468 |
death, ↓77.0%, p=0.002 |
The effect of curcumin on the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials |
Details
Meta analysis of 3 curcumin RCTs showing lower mortality with treatment. Author notes the small sample sizes of the included trials. |
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Meta
Meta
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The effect of curcumin on the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials |
Kow et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7468 |
Meta analysis of 3 curcumin RCTs showing lower mortality with treatment. Author notes the small sample sizes of the included trials.
risk of death, 77.0% lower, OR 0.23, p = 0.002, RR approximated with OR.
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Kow et al., 4/28/2022, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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In Vitro |
Leka et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7463 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
In vitro antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 of common herbal medicinal extracts and their bioactive compounds |
Details
In Vitro study showing antiviral activity of curcumin longa, with protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathic effects at a concentration of 3.125μg/ml. |
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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In vitro antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 of common herbal medicinal extracts and their bioactive compounds |
Leka et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7463 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study showing antiviral activity of curcumin longa, with protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathic effects at a concentration of 3.125μg/ml.
Leka et al., 4/9/2022, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Sankhe et al., Complementary Therapies in Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102824 |
death, ↓85.7%, p=0.24 |
A Randomized, Controlled, Blinded, Parallel Group, Clinical Trial to study the role of Ayurcov (AyurCoro3), one day regimen as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 disease management, at dedicated Covid Hospital (DCH) in India |
Details
RCT with 60 hospitalized patients treated with Ayurcov and 60 control patients in India, showing improved viral clearance and faster symptom resolution in the mild/moderate group, but no significant differences in the severe group. Ayurco.. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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A Randomized, Controlled, Blinded, Parallel Group, Clinical Trial to study the role of Ayurcov (AyurCoro3), one day regimen as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 disease management, at dedicated Covid Hospital (DCH) in India |
Sankhe et al., Complementary Therapies in Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102824 |
RCT with 60 hospitalized patients treated with Ayurcov and 60 control patients in India, showing improved viral clearance and faster symptom resolution in the mild/moderate group, but no significant differences in the severe group. Ayurcov contains curcuma longa, go ark, sphatika (alum), sita (rock candy), godugdham (bos indicus) milk, and goghritam (bos indicus ghee).
risk of death, 85.7% lower, RR 0.14, p = 0.24, treatment 0 of 60 (0.0%), control 3 of 60 (5.0%), NNT 20, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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risk of mechanical ventilation, 85.7% lower, RR 0.14, p = 0.24, treatment 0 of 60 (0.0%), control 3 of 60 (5.0%), NNT 20, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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risk of ICU admission, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 0.62, treatment 1 of 60 (1.7%), control 3 of 60 (5.0%), NNT 30.
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hospitalization time, 10.0% lower, relative time 0.90, p = 0.40, treatment 45, control 45, moderate group.
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hospitalization time, 16.7% lower, relative time 0.83, p = 0.20, treatment 15, control 15, severe group.
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recovery time, 31.9% lower, relative time 0.68, p < 0.001, treatment 45, control 45, moderate group, fever.
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recovery time, 36.1% lower, relative time 0.64, p < 0.001, treatment 45, control 45, moderate group, dyspnea.
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recovery time, 4.3% lower, relative time 0.96, p = 0.74, treatment 15, control 15, severe group, fever.
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recovery time, 4.8% higher, relative time 1.05, p = 0.10, treatment 15, control 15, severe group, dyspnea.
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relative Ct increase, 44.4% better, RR 0.56, p = 0.003, treatment mean 9.98 (±6.39) n=44, control mean 5.55 (±6.91) n=43, moderate group.
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Sankhe et al., 3/25/2022, Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, India, peer-reviewed, 10 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with gomutra, potassium alum, khadisakhar, bos indicus milk, ghee) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Late |
Thomas et al., COVID, doi:10.3390/covid2040031 |
improv., ↓44.3%, p=0.02 |
A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating Concentrated Phytochemical-Rich Nutritional Capsule in Addition to a Probiotic Capsule on Clinical Outcomes among Individuals with COVID-19—The UK Phyto-V Study |
Details
RCT 147 long COVID patients in the UK, 56 treated with a phytochemical-rich concentrated food capsule, showing improved recovery with treatment. Treatment included curcumin, bioflavonoids, chamomile, ellagic acid, and resveratrol. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating Concentrated Phytochemical-Rich Nutritional Capsule in Addition to a Probiotic Capsule on Clinical Outcomes among Individuals with COVID-19—The UK Phyto-V Study |
Thomas et al., COVID, doi:10.3390/covid2040031 |
RCT 147 long COVID patients in the UK, 56 treated with a phytochemical-rich concentrated food capsule, showing improved recovery with treatment. Treatment included curcumin, bioflavonoids, chamomile, ellagic acid, and resveratrol.
relative improvement, 44.3% better, RR 0.56, p = 0.02, treatment mean 6.1 (±7.5) n=74, control mean 3.4 (±6.1) n=73, CFS.
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relative improvement, 81.8% better, RR 0.18, p < 0.001, treatment mean 6.6 (±10.5) n=74, control mean 1.2 (±7.4) n=73, SWS.
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relative improvement, 63.6% better, RR 0.36, p = 0.02, treatment mean 1.1 (±2.0) n=74, control mean 0.4 (±1.5) n=73, CSS.
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Thomas et al., 3/22/2022, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, United Kingdom, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, study period May 2020 - May 2021, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with bioflavonoids, chamomile, ellagic acid, resveratrol) - results of individual treatments may vary, Phyto-V trial.
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PrEPPEP |
Shehab et al., Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, doi:10.4314/tjpr.v21i2.13 |
severe case, ↓42.4%, p=0.55 |
Immune-boosting effect of natural remedies and supplements on progress of, and recovery from COVID-19 infection |
Details
Retrospective survey-based analysis of 349 COVID-19 patients, showing a lower risk of severe cases with vitamin D, zinc, turmeric, and honey prophylaxis in unadjusted analysis, without statistical significance. REC/UG/2020/03. |
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Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
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Immune-boosting effect of natural remedies and supplements on progress of, and recovery from COVID-19 infection |
Shehab et al., Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, doi:10.4314/tjpr.v21i2.13 |
Retrospective survey-based analysis of 349 COVID-19 patients, showing a lower risk of severe cases with vitamin D, zinc, turmeric, and honey prophylaxis in unadjusted analysis, without statistical significance. REC/UG/2020/03.
risk of severe case, 42.4% lower, RR 0.58, p = 0.55, treatment 2 of 32 (6.2%), control 24 of 221 (10.9%), NNT 22, unadjusted, severe vs. mild cases.
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Excluded in after exclusion results of meta analysis:
unadjusted results with no group details.
Shehab et al., 2/28/2022, retrospective, multiple countries, peer-reviewed, survey, 7 authors, study period September 2020 - March 2021.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Hartono et al., Pharmacognosy Journal, doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27 |
viral+, ↓53.3%, p<0.0001 |
The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia |
Details
RCT with 30 patients treated with curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO), and 30 SOC patients in Indonesia, showing faster viral clearance with treatment. Treatment also reduced IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, and IFN-β levels. VCO improves the.. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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The Effect of Curcumin and Virgin Coconut Oil Towards Cytokines Levels in COVID-19 Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia |
Hartono et al., Pharmacognosy Journal, doi:10.5530/pj.2022.14.27 |
RCT with 30 patients treated with curcumin and virgin coconut oil (VCO), and 30 SOC patients in Indonesia, showing faster viral clearance with treatment. Treatment also reduced IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, and IFN-β levels. VCO improves the bioavailability of curcumin. There were large unadjusted differences in baseline severity and age, for example 20% vs. 47% of patients >50. VCO 30ml and curcumin 1g tid for 21 days. 066/UN27.06.6.1/KEPK/EC/2020.
risk of no viral clearance, 53.3% lower, RR 0.47, p < 0.001, treatment 14 of 30 (46.7%), control 30 of 30 (100.0%), NNT 1.9, day 10.
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risk of no viral clearance, 75.0% lower, RR 0.25, p = 0.002, treatment 4 of 30 (13.3%), control 16 of 30 (53.3%), NNT 2.5, day 14.
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risk of no viral clearance, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 30 (0.0%), control 1 of 30 (3.3%), NNT 30, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, day 21.
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Excluded in after exclusion results of meta analysis:
randomization resulted in significant baseline differences that were not adjusted for.
Hartono et al., 2/22/2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, Indonesia, peer-reviewed, 13 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with virgin coconut oil) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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In Silico |
Rampogu et al., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, doi:10.3390/ijms23031771 |
In Silico |
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Discover Curcumin Analogue as a Plausible Dual Inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 |
Details
In Silico molecular dynamics simulation study finding a curcumin analogue (curA) as a promising dual inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Discover Curcumin Analogue as a Plausible Dual Inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2 |
Rampogu et al., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, doi:10.3390/ijms23031771 |
In Silico molecular dynamics simulation study finding a curcumin analogue (curA) as a promising dual inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2.
Rampogu et al., 2/4/2022, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Kartika et al., ICE on IMERI, 2021 (Preprint) |
hosp. time, ↓41.0%, p=0.048 |
Curcumin as adjuvant Therapy in Mild - Moderate Covid 19 |
Details
Retrospective 246 hospitalized patients in Indonesia, 136 treated with curcumin, showing shorter hospitalization time with treatment. All patients received vitamin C, D, and zinc. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Curcumin as adjuvant Therapy in Mild - Moderate Covid 19 |
Kartika et al., ICE on IMERI, 2021 (Preprint) |
Retrospective 246 hospitalized patients in Indonesia, 136 treated with curcumin, showing shorter hospitalization time with treatment. All patients received vitamin C, D, and zinc.
hospitalization time, 41.0% lower, relative time 0.59, p = 0.048, treatment 139, control 107.
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Kartika et al., 1/28/2022, retrospective, Indonesia, preprint, 6 authors, study period January 2021 - June 2021.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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In Vitro |
Goc et al., European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, doi:10.1556/1886.2021.00022 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Inhibitory effects of specific combination of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants |
Details
In Vitro study testing combinations of plant extracts and micronutrients with several variants of SARS-CoV-2. A combination of vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, theaflavin, naringenin, baicalin, and broccoli e.. |
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Inhibitory effects of specific combination of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants |
Goc et al., European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, doi:10.1556/1886.2021.00022 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study testing combinations of plant extracts and micronutrients with several variants of SARS-CoV-2. A combination of vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, theaflavin, naringenin, baicalin, and broccoli extract showed the highest inhibition of RBD binding, and also decreased RdRp, furin, and cathepsin L activity.
Goc et al., 1/21/2022, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Asadirad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7375 |
death, ↓25.9%, p=0.74 |
Antiinflammatory potential of nano-curcumin as an alternative therapeutic agent for the treatment of mild-to-moderate hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a placebo-controlled clinical trial |
Details
RCT 60 hospitalized patients in Iran, 30 treated with nano-curcumin, showing significant improvements in inflammatory cytokines, and improvements in clinical outcomes without statistical significance. 240 mg/day nano-curcumin for 7 days. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Antiinflammatory potential of nano-curcumin as an alternative therapeutic agent for the treatment of mild-to-moderate hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a placebo-controlled clinical trial |
Asadirad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7375 |
RCT 60 hospitalized patients in Iran, 30 treated with nano-curcumin, showing significant improvements in inflammatory cytokines, and improvements in clinical outcomes without statistical significance. 240 mg/day nano-curcumin for 7 days.
risk of death, 25.9% lower, RR 0.74, p = 0.74, treatment 5 of 27 (18.5%), control 6 of 24 (25.0%), NNT 15, excluding patients that stopped treatment due to progression - 3 for curcumin and 6 for control.
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risk of progression, 50.0% lower, RR 0.50, p = 0.47, treatment 3 of 30 (10.0%), control 6 of 30 (20.0%), NNT 10.0.
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risk of unresolved fever, 45.3% lower, RR 0.55, p = 0.09, treatment 8 of 27 (29.6%), control 13 of 24 (54.2%), NNT 4.1.
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risk of unresolved dyspnea, 28.9% lower, RR 0.71, p = 0.72, treatment 4 of 27 (14.8%), control 5 of 24 (20.8%), NNT 17.
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risk of unresolved cough, 40.7% lower, RR 0.59, p = 0.36, treatment 6 of 27 (22.2%), control 9 of 24 (37.5%), NNT 6.5.
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risk of O2 <92%, 36.5% lower, RR 0.63, p = 0.51, treatment 5 of 27 (18.5%), control 7 of 24 (29.2%), NNT 9.4.
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risk of O2 <97%, 20.0% lower, RR 0.80, p = 0.21, treatment 18 of 27 (66.7%), control 20 of 24 (83.3%), NNT 6.0.
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Asadirad et al., 1/17/2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Iran, peer-reviewed, 7 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Honarkar Shafie et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7374 |
hosp. time, ↓28.9%, p=0.22 |
Effect of nanocurcumin supplementation on the severity of symptoms and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial |
Details
RCT 48 hospitalized patients in Iran, 24 treated with nanocurcumin, showing lower hospitalization time with treatment. The number of patients shown in Table 3 (31 and 27 for each arm) is inconsistent with the number reported as randomized.. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Effect of nanocurcumin supplementation on the severity of symptoms and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial |
Honarkar Shafie et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7374 |
RCT 48 hospitalized patients in Iran, 24 treated with nanocurcumin, showing lower hospitalization time with treatment. The number of patients shown in Table 3 (31 and 27 for each arm) is inconsistent with the number reported as randomized to each arm (24). 160 mg/day nanocurcumin for 6 days. IRCT20131125015536N13.
hospitalization time, 28.9% lower, relative time 0.71, p = 0.22, treatment mean 6.31 (±5.26) n=23, control mean 8.87 (±8.12) n=21.
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relative pulmonary involvement score, 9.1% better, RR 0.91, treatment 23, control 21.
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Excluded in meta analysis:
unresolved data inconsistency.
Honarkar Shafie et al., 1/12/2022, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Iran, peer-reviewed, 10 authors.
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Late |
Vahedian-Azimi et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14020256 |
Effectiveness of Curcumin on Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials |
Details
Review of 6 COVID-19 curcumin studies showing that treatment resulted in significant improvement in symptoms, duration of hospitalization, and mortality, and a significant decrease in proinflammatory cytokines and increase in anti-inflamm.. |
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Details
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Effectiveness of Curcumin on Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials |
Vahedian-Azimi et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14020256 |
Review of 6 COVID-19 curcumin studies showing that treatment resulted in significant improvement in symptoms, duration of hospitalization, and mortality, and a significant decrease in proinflammatory cytokines and increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Vahedian-Azimi et al., 1/7/2022, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
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Early |
Bhardwaja et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1165680/v1 (Preprint) |
no disch., ↓36.8%, p=0.67 |
An integrative approach to clinical recovery for COVID-19 patients using an Ayurvedic formulation: A multicentric double-blind randomized control trial. |
Details
Small RCT with 39 patients treated with NOQ19 and 37 placebo patients, showing improved recovery, without statistical significance. NOQ19 has multiple ingredients including curcumin and antiandrogen glycyrrhiza glabra. CTRI/2021/05/033790. |
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Details
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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An integrative approach to clinical recovery for COVID-19 patients using an Ayurvedic formulation: A multicentric double-blind randomized control trial. |
Bhardwaja et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1165680/v1 (Preprint) |
Small RCT with 39 patients treated with NOQ19 and 37 placebo patients, showing improved recovery, without statistical significance. NOQ19 has multiple ingredients including curcumin and antiandrogen glycyrrhiza glabra. CTRI/2021/05/033790.
risk of no hospital discharge, 36.8% lower, RR 0.63, p = 0.67, treatment 2 of 39 (5.1%), control 3 of 37 (8.1%), NNT 34, day 7.
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risk of no recovery, 89.1% lower, RR 0.11, p = 0.05, treatment 0 of 39 (0.0%), control 4 of 37 (10.8%), NNT 9.2, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, oxygen supplementation, day 5.
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risk of no recovery, 80.4% lower, RR 0.20, p = 0.23, treatment 0 of 39 (0.0%), control 2 of 37 (5.4%), NNT 18, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, day 7, dsypnea.
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risk of no recovery, 2.8% higher, RR 1.03, p = 1.00, treatment 13 of 39 (33.3%), control 12 of 37 (32.4%), day 7, fever.
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risk of no viral clearance, 24.1% lower, RR 0.76, p = 0.47, treatment 12 of 39 (30.8%), control 15 of 37 (40.5%), NNT 10, day 7.
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risk of no viral clearance, 5.1% lower, RR 0.95, p = 1.00, treatment 19 of 39 (48.7%), control 19 of 37 (51.4%), NNT 38, day 5.
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risk of no viral clearance, 12.4% lower, RR 0.88, p = 0.47, treatment 24 of 39 (61.5%), control 26 of 37 (70.3%), NNT 11, day 3.
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Excluded in meta analysis:
combined treatments may contribute more to the effect seen.
Bhardwaja et al., 12/27/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, India, preprint, 26 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with 18 other ingredients) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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In Vitro |
Marín-Palma et al., Molecules, doi:10.3390/molecules26226900 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Curcumin Inhibits In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vero E6 Cells through Multiple Antiviral Mechanisms |
Details
In Vitro study showing antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inhibition was seen with Vero E6 cells pre-infection and post-infection, and with D614G and the delta variant. The anti-inflammatory e.. |
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Details
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Curcumin Inhibits In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vero E6 Cells through Multiple Antiviral Mechanisms |
Marín-Palma et al., Molecules, doi:10.3390/molecules26226900 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study showing antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inhibition was seen with Vero E6 cells pre-infection and post-infection, and with D614G and the delta variant. The anti-inflammatory effect was shown with peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Marín-Palma et al., 11/16/2021, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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In Vitro |
Bahun et al., Food Chemistry, doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131594 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro main protease by plant polyphenols |
Details
In Silico and In Vitro study of plant polyphenols identifying quercetin, curcumin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol as SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors with IC50 between 11.8µM and 23.4µM. Real-time binding was analyzed.. |
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Details
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro main protease by plant polyphenols |
Bahun et al., Food Chemistry, doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131594 (In Vitro) |
In Silico and In Vitro study of plant polyphenols identifying quercetin, curcumin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol as SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors with IC50 between 11.8µM and 23.4µM. Real-time binding was analyzed with surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.
Bahun et al., 11/14/2021, peer-reviewed, 10 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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In Silico |
Singh et al., Computers in Biology and Medicine, doi:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482521007599 |
In Silico |
Potential of turmeric-derived compounds against RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase of SARS‐CoV‐2: An in-silico approach |
Details
In Silico study showing strong binding affinity of curcumin and diacetylcurcumin with SARS-CoV-2 RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase. Comparison with remdesivir and favipiravir suggested greater potential of these compounds as an RdRp inhibitor. |
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Details
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In Silico
In Silico
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Potential of turmeric-derived compounds against RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase of SARS‐CoV‐2: An in-silico approach |
Singh et al., Computers in Biology and Medicine, doi:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482521007599 |
In Silico study showing strong binding affinity of curcumin and diacetylcurcumin with SARS-CoV-2 RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase. Comparison with remdesivir and favipiravir suggested greater potential of these compounds as an RdRp inhibitor.
Singh et al., 10/22/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Early |
Majeed et al., Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, doi:10.1155/2021/8447545 |
ventilation, ↓66.2%, p=1.00 |
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a Nutritional Supplement (ImmuActive) for COVID-19 Patients |
Details
RCT 100 patients in India, 50 treated with ImmuActive (curcumin, andrographolides, resveratrol, zinc, selenium, and piperine), showing improved recovery with treatment. |
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Details
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of a Nutritional Supplement (ImmuActive) for COVID-19 Patients |
Majeed et al., Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, doi:10.1155/2021/8447545 |
RCT 100 patients in India, 50 treated with ImmuActive (curcumin, andrographolides, resveratrol, zinc, selenium, and piperine), showing improved recovery with treatment.
risk of mechanical ventilation, 66.2% lower, RR 0.34, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 45 (0.0%), control 1 of 47 (2.1%), NNT 47, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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risk of hospitalization, 79.7% lower, RR 0.20, p = 0.49, treatment 0 of 45 (0.0%), control 2 of 47 (4.3%), NNT 24, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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relative ordinal scale, 43.0% better, RR 0.57, p = 0.004, treatment 45, control 47, day 28.
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relative time to improve one unit on ordinal scale, 30.1% lower, relative time 0.70, treatment 45, control 47.
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risk of no recovery, 24.6% lower, RR 0.75, p = 0.08, treatment 26 of 45 (57.8%), control 36 of 47 (76.6%), NNT 5.3, day 28.
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time to viral-, 5.8% lower, relative time 0.94, p = 0.47, treatment 45, control 47.
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Majeed et al., 10/11/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, India, peer-reviewed, 4 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with andrographolides, resveratrol, zinc, selenium, and piperine) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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In Vitro |
Bormann et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro |
Details
In Vitro study showing curcumin neutralizes SARS-CoV2 in vitro with low subtoxic concentrations. Authors note that the clinical use of curcumin is hindered by poor bioavailability, and recommend using methods to increase bioavailability s.. |
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Details
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro |
Bormann et al., Viruses, doi:10.3390/v13101914 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study showing curcumin neutralizes SARS-CoV2 in vitro with low subtoxic concentrations. Authors note that the clinical use of curcumin is hindered by poor bioavailability, and recommend using methods to increase bioavailability such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, or adjuvants (e.g., piperine).
Bormann et al., 9/23/2021, peer-reviewed, 18 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Late |
Hassaniazad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7294 |
SpO2 imp., ↑45.7%, p=0.90 |
A triple-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of curcumin-containing nanomicelles on cellular immune responses subtypes and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients |
Details
Small RCT with 40 low risk patients in Iran, 20 treated with nano-curcumin, showing no significant difference in outcomes with treatment. Authors note that treatment can improve peripheral blood inflammatory indices and modulate immune re.. |
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Details
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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A triple-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of curcumin-containing nanomicelles on cellular immune responses subtypes and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients |
Hassaniazad et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7294 |
Small RCT with 40 low risk patients in Iran, 20 treated with nano-curcumin, showing no significant difference in outcomes with treatment. Authors note that treatment can improve peripheral blood inflammatory indices and modulate immune response by decreasing Th1 and Th17 responses, increasing T regulatory responses, further reducing IL-17 and IFN-γ, and increasing suppressive cytokines TGF-β and IL-4.
relative improvement in SpO2, 45.7% worse, RR 1.46, p = 0.90, treatment 20, control 20.
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Hassaniazad et al., 9/19/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Iran, peer-reviewed, 12 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Chabot et al., Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.17829 |
Turmeric as a Possible Treatment for COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia |
Details
Small case study of 2 patients, showing significant improvement in taste and smell shortly after one dose of a turmeric supplement. Authors note that the risk of one dose is low in healthy individuals not on medications metabolized by cyt.. |
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Details
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PDF
Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Turmeric as a Possible Treatment for COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia |
Chabot et al., Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.17829 |
Small case study of 2 patients, showing significant improvement in taste and smell shortly after one dose of a turmeric supplement. Authors note that the risk of one dose is low in healthy individuals not on medications metabolized by cytochromes P450, and the potential benefit is high.
Chabot et al., 9/8/2021, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Early |
Sankhe et al., Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences, doi:10.21760/jaims.6.4.6 |
death, ↓88.9%, p=0.12 |
A prospective, multi center, single blind, randomized controlled study evaluating “AyurCoro3” as an adjuvant in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID |
Details
RCT 174 patients in India, 87 treated with AyurCoro-3 (turmeric, gomutra, potassium alum, khadisakhar, bos indicus milk, ghee), showing faster recovery with treatment. EC/NEW/INST/2019/245. |
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Details
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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A prospective, multi center, single blind, randomized controlled study evaluating “AyurCoro3” as an adjuvant in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID |
Sankhe et al., Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences, doi:10.21760/jaims.6.4.6 |
RCT 174 patients in India, 87 treated with AyurCoro-3 (turmeric, gomutra, potassium alum, khadisakhar, bos indicus milk, ghee), showing faster recovery with treatment. EC/NEW/INST/2019/245.
risk of death, 88.9% lower, RR 0.11, p = 0.12, treatment 0 of 87 (0.0%), control 4 of 87 (4.6%), NNT 22, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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risk of mechanical ventilation, 75.0% lower, RR 0.25, p = 0.37, treatment 1 of 87 (1.1%), control 4 of 87 (4.6%), NNT 29.
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risk of no 2-point improvement, 46.5% lower, RR 0.54, p = 0.002, treatment 29 of 87 (33.3%), control 60 of 87 (69.0%), NNT 2.8, OR converted to RR, day 7 mid-recovery.
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hospitalization time, 10.0% lower, relative time 0.90, p = 0.40, treatment 87, control 87.
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Sankhe et al., 8/10/2021, Randomized Controlled Trial, India, peer-reviewed, 8 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with gomutra, potassium alum, khadisakhar, bos indicus milk, ghee) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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N/A |
Panda et al., Medicine, doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000026601 |
The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation |
Details
Bioavailability RCT comparing CURCUGEN, a 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract, with curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), showing significant improvements in bioavailability. |
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Details
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N/A
N/A
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The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation |
Panda et al., Medicine, doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000026601 |
Bioavailability RCT comparing CURCUGEN, a 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract, with curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), showing significant improvements in bioavailability.
Panda et al., 7/9/2021, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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In Vitro |
Guijarro-Real et al., Foods, doi:10.3390/foods10071503 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Potential In Vitro Inhibition of Selected Plant Extracts against SARS-CoV-2 Chymotripsin-Like Protease (3CLPro) Activity |
Details
In Vitro study of several plant extracts, showing strong inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro activity by turmeric rhizomes. Commercial curcumin also inhibited 3CLpro activity, but did not fully account for the inhibitory effect of turmeric rh.. |
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Details
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Potential In Vitro Inhibition of Selected Plant Extracts against SARS-CoV-2 Chymotripsin-Like Protease (3CLPro) Activity |
Guijarro-Real et al., Foods, doi:10.3390/foods10071503 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study of several plant extracts, showing strong inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro activity by turmeric rhizomes. Commercial curcumin also inhibited 3CLpro activity, but did not fully account for the inhibitory effect of turmeric rhizomes extracts, suggesting that other components of the turmeric extract also play a main role in inhibiting 3CLpro activity.
Guijarro-Real et al., 6/29/2021, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Early |
Ahmadi et al., Food Science and Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.2226 |
hosp., ↓85.7%, p=0.24 |
Oral nano-curcumin formulation efficacy in the management of mild to moderate outpatient COVID-19: A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial |
Details
RCT 60 outpatients in Iran, 30 treated with nano-curcumin showing lower hospitalization and faster recovery with treatment. |
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Details
Source
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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Oral nano-curcumin formulation efficacy in the management of mild to moderate outpatient COVID-19: A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial |
Ahmadi et al., Food Science and Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.2226 |
RCT 60 outpatients in Iran, 30 treated with nano-curcumin showing lower hospitalization and faster recovery with treatment.
risk of hospitalization, 85.7% lower, RR 0.14, p = 0.24, treatment 0 of 30 (0.0%), control 3 of 30 (10.0%), NNT 10.0, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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recovery time, 20.6% lower, relative time 0.79, p = 0.37, treatment 30, control 30.
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Ahmadi et al., 6/19/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, Iran, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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In Vitro |
Goc et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253489 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Phenolic compounds disrupt spike-mediated receptor-binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virions |
Details
In Vitro study of 56 polyphenols showing that curcumin has high binding affinity to the RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, inhibits ACE2 at non-toxic concentrations, and decreases activity of TMPRSS2. Promising results were also seen fo.. |
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Details
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In Vitro
In Vitro
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Phenolic compounds disrupt spike-mediated receptor-binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virions |
Goc et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253489 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro study of 56 polyphenols showing that curcumin has high binding affinity to the RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, inhibits ACE2 at non-toxic concentrations, and decreases activity of TMPRSS2. Promising results were also seen for brazilin and theaflavin-3,3’-digallate.
Goc et al., 6/17/2021, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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In Vitro |
Kandeil et al., Pathogens, doi:10.3390/pathogens10060758 (In Vitro) |
In Vitro |
Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 |
Details
Vero E6 In Vitro study showing curcumin, hesperidin, and quercetin significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication, and In Silico analysis with promising Mpro and spike docking results. |
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Details
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PDF
In Vitro
In Vitro
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Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 |
Kandeil et al., Pathogens, doi:10.3390/pathogens10060758 (In Vitro) |
Vero E6 In Vitro study showing curcumin, hesperidin, and quercetin significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication, and In Silico analysis with promising Mpro and spike docking results.
Kandeil et al., 6/15/2021, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Early |
Pawar et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.669362 |
death, ↓81.8%, p=0.02 |
Oral Curcumin With Piperine as Adjuvant Therapy for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
Details
RCT 140 patients, 70 treated with curcumin and piperine (for absorption), showing faster recovery, lower progression, and lower mortality with treatment. Control group partients also received probiotics. CTRI/2020/05/025482. |
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Details
Source
PDF
Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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Oral Curcumin With Piperine as Adjuvant Therapy for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
Pawar et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.669362 |
RCT 140 patients, 70 treated with curcumin and piperine (for absorption), showing faster recovery, lower progression, and lower mortality with treatment. Control group partients also received probiotics. CTRI/2020/05/025482.
risk of death, 81.8% lower, RR 0.18, p = 0.02, treatment 2 of 70 (2.9%), control 11 of 70 (15.7%), NNT 7.8.
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risk of death, 60.0% lower, RR 0.40, p = 0.39, treatment 2 of 15 (13.3%), control 5 of 15 (33.3%), NNT 5.0, severe group.
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risk of death, 90.9% lower, RR 0.09, p = 0.05, treatment 0 of 25 (0.0%), control 5 of 25 (20.0%), NNT 5.0, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, moderate group.
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risk of death, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 30 (0.0%), control 1 of 30 (3.3%), NNT 30, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, mild group.
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Pawar et al., 5/28/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, India, peer-reviewed, 8 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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|
Review |
Rattis et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.675287 (Review) |
review |
Curcumin as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19 |
Details
Review of curcumin for COVID-19 including potential antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and cytoprotective effects. |
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Details
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Review
Review
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Curcumin as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19 |
Rattis et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.675287 (Review) |
Review of curcumin for COVID-19 including potential antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and cytoprotective effects.
Rattis et al., 5/7/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Late |
Tahmasebi et al., Life Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119437 |
death, ↓83.3%, p=0.11 |
Nanocurcumin improves Treg cell responses in patients with mild and severe SARS-CoV2 |
Details
RCT 40 hospitalized, 40 ICU, and 40 control patients in Iran, showing lower mortality and improved regulatory T cell responses with nanocurcumin treatment (SinaCurcumin). |
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Details
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Nanocurcumin improves Treg cell responses in patients with mild and severe SARS-CoV2 |
Tahmasebi et al., Life Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119437 |
RCT 40 hospitalized, 40 ICU, and 40 control patients in Iran, showing lower mortality and improved regulatory T cell responses with nanocurcumin treatment (SinaCurcumin).
risk of death, 83.3% lower, RR 0.17, p = 0.11, treatment 1 of 40 (2.5%), control 6 of 40 (15.0%), NNT 8.0.
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risk of death, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 20 (0.0%), control 1 of 20 (5.0%), NNT 20, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events, non-ICU patients.
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risk of death, 80.0% lower, RR 0.20, p = 0.18, treatment 1 of 20 (5.0%), control 5 of 20 (25.0%), NNT 5.0, ICU patients.
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Tahmasebi et al., 3/28/2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, Iran, peer-reviewed, 14 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Early |
Saber-Moghaddam et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7004
|
progression, ↓94.3%, p=0.001 |
Oral nano-curcumin formulation efficacy in management of mild to moderate hospitalized coronavirus disease-19 patients: An open label nonrandomized clinical trial |
Details
Small prospective nonrandomized trial with 41 patients, 21 treated with curcumin, showing lower disease progression and faster recovery with treatment. IRCT20200408046990N1. |
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Details
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PDF
Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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Oral nano-curcumin formulation efficacy in management of mild to moderate hospitalized coronavirus disease-19 patients: An open label nonrandomized clinical trial |
Saber-Moghaddam et al., Phytotherapy Research, doi:10.1002/ptr.7004
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Small prospective nonrandomized trial with 41 patients, 21 treated with curcumin, showing lower disease progression and faster recovery with treatment. IRCT20200408046990N1.
risk of progression, 94.3% lower, RR 0.06, p = 0.001, treatment 0 of 21 (0.0%), control 8 of 20 (40.0%), NNT 2.5, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events.
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risk of no recovery, 38.4% lower, RR 0.62, p = 0.04, treatment 11 of 21 (52.4%), control 17 of 20 (85.0%), NNT 3.1.
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hospitalization time, 44.8% lower, relative time 0.55, p < 0.001, treatment 21, control 20.
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Saber-Moghaddam et al., 1/3/2021, prospective, Iran, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
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Submit Corrections or Comments
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Early |
Dound et al., Journal of Clinical Trials, S3:004 |
6 pt. scale, ↓33.3%, p=0.0001 |
A Randomized, Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Activity of CurvicTM Formulation for Management of SARS-COV-2 Infection (COVID-19) |
Details
RCT 200 COVID-19 positive patients in India, 100 treated with Curcumin, Vitamin C, Vitamin K2-7, and L-Selenomethionine, showing faster recovery with treatment. |
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Details
Source
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Early treatment study
Early treatment study
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A Randomized, Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Activity of CurvicTM Formulation for Management of SARS-COV-2 Infection (COVID-19) |
Dound et al., Journal of Clinical Trials, S3:004 |
RCT 200 COVID-19 positive patients in India, 100 treated with Curcumin, Vitamin C, Vitamin K2-7, and L-Selenomethionine, showing faster recovery with treatment.
relative improvement on 6-point scale, 33.3% better, RR 0.67, p < 0.001, treatment 100, control 100.
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Excluded in after exclusion results of meta analysis:
potential randomization failure.
Dound et al., 11/16/2020, Randomized Controlled Trial, India, peer-reviewed, 5 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with vitamin C, vitamin K2-7, and l-selenomethionine) - results of individual treatments may vary.
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Review |
Kritis et al., Metabolism Open, doi:10.1016/j.metop.2020.100066 (Review) |
review |
The combination of bromelain and curcumin as an immune-boosting nutraceutical in the prevention of severe COVID-19 |
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Review of the potential benefits of bromelain and curcumin for COVID-19, and potential synergistic effects of the combination. |
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Review
Review
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The combination of bromelain and curcumin as an immune-boosting nutraceutical in the prevention of severe COVID-19 |
Kritis et al., Metabolism Open, doi:10.1016/j.metop.2020.100066 (Review) |
Review of the potential benefits of bromelain and curcumin for COVID-19, and potential synergistic effects of the combination.
Kritis et al., 11/13/2020, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
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Late |
Valizadeh et al., Int. Immunopharmacol., doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107088 |
death, ↓50.0%, p=0.30 |
Nano-curcumin therapy, a promising method in modulating inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients |
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Small RCT with 40 nano-curcumin patients and 40 control patients showing lower mortality with treatment. Authors conclude that nano-curcumin may be able to modulate the increased rate of inflammatory cytokines especially IL-1β and IL-6 mR.. |
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Late treatment study
Late treatment study
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Nano-curcumin therapy, a promising method in modulating inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients |
Valizadeh et al., Int. Immunopharmacol., doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107088 |
Small RCT with 40 nano-curcumin patients and 40 control patients showing lower mortality with treatment. Authors conclude that nano-curcumin may be able to modulate the increased rate of inflammatory cytokines especially IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression and cytokine secretion in COVID-19 patients, which may improve clinical outcomes.
risk of death, 50.0% lower, RR 0.50, p = 0.30, treatment 4 of 20 (20.0%), control 8 of 20 (40.0%), NNT 5.0.
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Valizadeh et al., 10/20/2020, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, Iran, peer-reviewed, 12 authors.
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Theory |
Hooper, P., Cell Stress and Chaperones, doi:10.1007/s12192-020-01126-9 (Theory) |
theory |
COVID-19 and heme oxygenase: novel insight into the disease and potential therapies |
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Proposal that COVID-19 risk is related to low intracellular heme oxygenase (HO-1), and that therapies that raise HO-1 may be beneficial, which includes fluvoxamine, certain anesthetics (sevoflurane or isoflurane), hemin, estrogen, statins.. |
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Theory
Theory
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COVID-19 and heme oxygenase: novel insight into the disease and potential therapies |
Hooper, P., Cell Stress and Chaperones, doi:10.1007/s12192-020-01126-9 (Theory) |
Proposal that COVID-19 risk is related to low intracellular heme oxygenase (HO-1), and that therapies that raise HO-1 may be beneficial, which includes fluvoxamine, certain anesthetics (sevoflurane or isoflurane), hemin, estrogen, statins, curcumin, resveratrol, and melatonin. Authors note that cigarette smoke is associated with increased HO-1 in lung fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells, which may help explain the lower risk for smokers seen in several studies.
Hooper et al., 6/4/2020, peer-reviewed, 1 author.
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In Silico |
Sekiou et al., ChemRxiv, doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.12181404.v1 (Preprint) |
In Silico |
In-Silico Identification of Potent Inhibitors of COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) from Natural Products: Quercetin, Hispidulin, and Cirsimaritin Exhibited Better Potential Inhibition than Hydroxy-Chloroquine Against COVID-19 Main Protease Active Site and ACE2 |
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In Silico study of natural compounds identifying quercetin, curcumin, hispidulin, cirsimaritin, sulfasalazine, and artemisin as potential compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2. |
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In Silico
In Silico
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In-Silico Identification of Potent Inhibitors of COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) from Natural Products: Quercetin, Hispidulin, and Cirsimaritin Exhibited Better Potential Inhibition than Hydroxy-Chloroquine Against COVID-19 Main Protease Active Site and ACE2 |
Sekiou et al., ChemRxiv, doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.12181404.v1 (Preprint) |
In Silico study of natural compounds identifying quercetin, curcumin, hispidulin, cirsimaritin, sulfasalazine, and artemisin as potential compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2.
Sekiou et al., 4/24/2020, preprint, 4 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
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