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All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

COVID-19 and heme oxygenase: novel insight into the disease and potential therapies

Hooper, P., Cell Stress and Chaperones, doi:10.1007/s12192-020-01126-9
Jun 2020  
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Curcumin for COVID-19
15th treatment shown to reduce risk in February 2021
 
*, now known with p = 0.000000046 from 26 studies.
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Proposal that COVID-19 risk is related to low intracellular heme oxygenase (HO-1), and that therapies that raise HO-1 may be beneficial, which includes fluvoxamine, certain anesthetics (sevoflurane or isoflurane), hemin, estrogen, statins, curcumin, resveratrol, and melatonin. Authors note that cigarette smoke is associated with increased HO-1 in lung fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells, which may help explain the lower risk for smokers seen in several studies.
Study covers fluvoxamine, curcumin, and melatonin.
Hooper et al., 4 Jun 2020, peer-reviewed, 1 author.
This PaperCurcuminAll
COVID-19 and heme oxygenase: novel insight into the disease and potential therapies
Philip L Hooper
Cell Stress and Chaperones, doi:10.1007/s12192-020-01126-9
The COVID-19 pandemic needs therapies that are presently available and safe. We propose that subjects with metabolic syndrome, old age, and male gender have the greatest morbidity and mortality and have low stress proteins, in particular, low intracellular heme oxygenase (HO-1), making them particularly vulnerable to the disease. Additionally, COVID-19's heme reduction may contribute to even lower HO-1. Low-grade inflammation associated with these risk factors contributes to triggering a cytokine storm that spreads to multi-organ failure and near death. The high mortality of those treated with ventilator assistance may partially be explained by ventilator-induced inflammation. The cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of HO-1 can limit the infection's damage. A paradox of COVID-19 hospital admissions data suggests that fewer cigarettesmokers are admitted compared with non-smokers in the general population. This unexpected observation may result from smoke induction of HO-1. Therapies with anti-viral properties that raise HO-1 include certain anesthetics (sevoflurane or isoflurane), hemin, estrogen, statins, curcumin, resveratrol, and melatonin. Controlled trials of these HO-1 inducers should be done in order to prevent or treat COVID-19 disease.
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